Mold for concrete.



J. F. ROSS.k

MOLD FOR CONCRETE.

APELICATION FILED SEPT. l l, |913.

1,214,829, Patented Feb. 6,1917.

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specification of Letten Patent.

Application led September 11, 1918. Serial No. 789,832.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH F. Ross, a citizen of the United States, residing at I Swich, in the county of Essex and State of assachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Molds for Concrete, of which the following is a speclcation.

This invention relates to improvements 1n concrete molds. v, v

More particularly it relates to mold ties of the style that pass within the mold, and remain embedded in the concrete when the mold is removed. The purpose is to provide a tie by which a face of concrete with a good finish may be made at small cost; and 1t is particularly useful in connectlon with molds of the less expensive sort, such as are commonly used for general construction work, although the invention .is applicable in other ways with advantage.

The invention is here described as it may be a plied in a common type of work, where wooden uprights or supports are lined with boards to form the mold for a wall of a building. In such cases it is customary to hold the walls of the mold together by wires looped around opposite 'uprights and assin through the mold. When the mo d 1s ta en down the ends of these wires are clipped at the face of the concrete. If the wires be left thus, discolorations of the surface result from iron rust, so that various expedients are employed to avoid 'leaving any of the tie exposed, such as by chip ing out the concrete, cutting the Wire behin the surface and then filling with other concrete the hole that has thus been made. Such a method obviously involves considerable expense and furthermore does not make a very neat iinish, on account of the patching. y

It is an object of the present invention to` save this labor without materially increasing the cost of the tie that is left embedded,

or of the mechanism employed, and to leave a surface of concrete which 'is practically perfect when the mold is taken down, inyvolvin little or no labor costfor putting it `in fina condition.

Appliances embodying" the invention by which these 'objects are accomplished may be made and used in several different forms,`

and may be varied according to the needs of the particular work in hand; but the following description will disclose the principles on which these appliances maybe designed and modified to such particular needs, and

Patented Feb. c, 1917.

show the forms which I at present consider most complete and useful.

It is an object of the patent to cover in the claims such features of novelty as exist in the matter disclosed. In the accompanyingdrawing the figure 1s a perspective, showing in elevation a section through a mold in which various forms of the invention are embodied.

Referring to the drawing 10 indicates uprights or supports which are represented as wooden timbers of the ordinary 2x4 size,

Vbutwhich may be of any other size or shape or material. Boards 11 line the insides of these supports, forming the face of the mold; and the whole is drawn and held'together by a composite tie consisting of the wire 12, a link 13, and a screw threaded rod or bolt 14. As represented in the upper part of the drawing a washer 15 and a nut 16 on the bolt also form part of the tie. The

invention is thus represented as it may be combined with the old style of tie, inthat the wire 12 is fastened at the right by being looped around the upright v10. When this mold is taken down the loop will be cut at the surface of the concrete. This would be openy to the objection stated in the preamble, if that surface of the concrete were to be exposed; butin some buildings the inside of the walls is so ,covered that this style of tie may be used and in the.case of a retaining wall for earth this` face of the wall is subsequently buried where it is not visible.

oweve'r, the style of fastening the other end of the link 13 to the mold Wall, seen at the left, might be used for the fastening to the mold wall at the right if it were deslred to treat that as a face of the inishedcom' through which the wire 12 may pass, and at its other end, being the end toward the boards 11 that form the face of the concrete, a hol'e 21 adapted to receive the, screw threaded end of the bolt or rod 14. In the form illustrated in the upper part of the drawing this latterhas screw threads in two places, running in opposite directions, the thread adapted to engage in the hole 21 within the mold being a right hand thread and the other, on the part of the bolt that extends outside the mold, being a left hand for the latter being in this case represented.

one, two or more inches within the inold fromthe face of the wall 11 with the unthreaded portion of the bolt 14 entering the hole 21 which is countersunk a little to receive it, and also passingr into the mold Wall 11. In other words, when the device is 1n use, one thread is incased in the link block 13, and the other thread is wholly within or` on the outer side of the wall of the mold, so that that portion of the bolt which is exposed to contact with concrete is straight and Smooth. Any suitable means is provided to tu'rn the bolt 13, represented in Fig. l by a flattened head 17 formed on that end of the bolt after the nut 16 has been put in place.

In use, the mold is formed by erectin the supports 10 and placing the boards 11 t ereon in the ordinary way. Holes are bored to admit the Wire 12 and the bolt 14, the hole as going through thesupport 10 and one of the boards 11, while the hole or holes for the wire are merely throu h the boards, the wire being looped around t e right hand support 10. The wire having been thu's looped between the support 10 and the link block 13 the workman inserts the bolt 14 through the other wall and screws-it into the block 13 to the desired distance. The

" nut 16 is then whirled on its thread until it engages the outside of the support 10, after which the turning of the bolt 1s resumed in its former direction thus shortening the composite tie until the mold faces are at the desired distance apart. then ready for use. The walls are drawn together during the last mentioned operation, because right handed rotation of the bolt, relative to the nut 16, propels the nut 16 away from the bolt head 17, carrying with it the adjacent su port 10, thus drawing the two walls toget er. The same rotation also tends to screw the bolt farther in to the block 13. If that block be held against rotation at this time the drawing effect on the two walls will be increased because of the diversity of threads; while if the bolt has already reached its utmost depth in the block 13 that block will rota-te in company with the bolt,.and will thus twist the wires` 12 somewhat, thus maki them taut, and incidentally helping draw the walls together.

When the mold is' filled with concrete none of it can enter the-hole 21 because the full bod of the bolt 14 fills the entrance to that ole; and none can enter the hole The mold is where the bolt 14 passes through the face of the mold, because that. hole has been bored 'the same size as the bolt. As the bolt is smooth and cylindrical, andof maximum diameter at the only places where the concrete comes against it, it may be easily removed by being turned over to the left after the concrete has set. ,This screws it out of A visible. Only the small hole left by 'the bolt isv seen, which may be tbree-eighths of an inch or less in diameter, and which can, if desired be quickly and cheaply plugged with fresh concrete.

The invention is also adapted for use with an iron band 12 instead of the wire 12; and the link block 13 is then shaped accordingly, with a .larger hole 20 and also with a notch 22 to seat a wire, if desired, in place of the metal band 12. The bolt 14 is also different from the structure 14 above described in that its head 18 is integral with the body or rod portion of the bolt, and in that there is no nut 16 next the head, nor thread there, but only the thread at the point of the bolt. The hole 21 for receivmg the point of the bolt is drilled com# pletely rthrough into the opening 20 of the block 13 and the thread on the bolt is long enough sc that it can screw into the block to whatever distance is necessary to draw the mold wall to its desired position. Perhaps it would be more accurate to say that in this form the functions of the nut 16 and the head 17 are combined in the integral head'18, because this head 18 is the means by which the bolt 14 is rotated and is also the means for engaging the outside of the support 10. The simplicity of this structure is obvious. By designing the parts suitably, according to the dimensions of the work on which they are to be used, the thread of the bolt may be short enough so that it is fully embedded in the block 13; but if not, it is desirable in using this appliance to dip this part of the bolt in slush or grease before installing it, tol facilitate its removal after the concrete has set.

The invention may also be applied to a combined tie and strut. In this case a duplicate bolt 14 takes the place of the wire 12 or hoop 12', and the link block 23 has in each end a hole 21 with internal screw threads for recei onev of the bolts 14.

The form illustra is that of a drawn fst metal tube, with a pipe thread cut internally at each end,` the tube being crushed in thel middle to make it non-circular; but a solid member might be substituted. And in this case a further modification of the arrangement of threads on the bolts 14 is shown, in that the thread is a continuous one from the point up to the head of the bolt; although either of the other styles illustrated might be used. This single thread carries the external nut 16 above described, and also a nut 19 comprising an abutment adapted to engage an inner face of the mold wall. As illustrated, this inner face is obtained by cutting a transverse channel or recess in the inner face of the support, providing a surface at 10 against which the nut 19 may bear, so that the presence of the nut does not v interfere with the facing of boards 11. Radial holes may be provided in the sides of this nut to facilitate the turning of the nut, after the manner of a capstan, in order to, adjust its position on the bolt 14, or the edge of the nut may be knurled or other means provided for turning it. The manner of using this form of the invention is to insert the opposite bolts 14 in the link block 23 to the desired distance; then to set the spacing or abutment nuts 19 at the proper positions thereon for the correct spacing ofthe inte- I rior faces of the mold; and then by turning the nuts 16 to push the supports up tightly against these spacing nuts or abutments 19. In taking down this mold the bolt 14 can be easily unscrewed after one or both nuts have been loosened, and comes out leaving the link block 23 embedded in the concrete, with only a small hole at the surface, as before. The part thus embedded, both in this case and 1n the previous cases, is available at any future time for reception of a screw stud, by the aid of which the mass'of concrete may be lifted and handled, if it be a movable piece such as a building block; and the presence of this embedded member with enlarged ends also serves as a reinforce- `ment for the concrete. The hole in the face of the concrete is relatively small, because the bolt engages the embedded block internally. No way has hitherto been known, so far as I am aware, to make a tie which is also a strut without having a relatively large original exposure of metal or other foreign material on the face of the concrete. The method of interior engagement herein disclosed permits of the abutment 19 being placed' outside the face of concrete, with only a narrow neck of metal passing throu h that face; and thus the relatively, large Iiameter which a good' abutment must neces-g saril occupy does not become a cavity inL the ace of the concrete.

Man variations other than the above may lication of the invention, the appended claims. In

be ma e in the ap within the scope o particular however I tion that the method of engaging the rod interiorly in the link block is not necessarily that of screw and thread, although that is the form which I at present believe to be best; and that the means of engagement between the link block and the wire or hoo need not be an eye-hole as illustrated, but may be a hook or some other suitable means, if such be preferred.

The use of Wire for the portion 12 of the tie affords an economy of material and of labor cost, asvcompared with systems b which a machined and heavier part is left embedded.. The carrying of this rod 14 from the link block directly and integrally to the outside of the support 10 affords an economy of labor in that when the bolt which holds the support is removed the whole separation and removal of the separable portion of the tiehas been incidentally accomplished, without necessity for a second operation. The relative smallness of the diameter of the bolt 14 makes it unscrew readily throu h the concrete if it happen that its threa from when the I claim:

1: A mold comprising walls and a composlte tie therefor passing through the mold; one component of the tie being within the mold at a distance from having no part reaching the mold; another engaging the first removably, adapted to rotate it, extending out throu h the mold wall, and provided with means y which itmay ige rpltated; and a third component rotatable y e other mold wall, and adapted when rotated, to shorten the tie. A

2t A 'mold comprising walls and a composite tie therefor passing through the mold, one component of the tie being within the mold at a distance from its face; a second component engaged removablytherewith, extending out through the mold face, and adapted to rotate the first mentioned component; and a third component engaged between the first and the other mold face and adapted to be shortened by being twisted when the first mentioned component is rotated.

3. A mold comprising walls and a composite tie therefor passin through the mold, one component of the tie ing a link ending within the mold at a distance from the mold face, with space of the mold between it and said face whereby it will become envelo ed by material filling the mold; and anot er component being a rod screw-threaded into said end of said link, passing outside the inold wall, and there having screw threads in the reverse direction and a nut thereon -adxpted to engage the outside of the moldwa mold is filled.

think it well to mens are not fully housed therethe mold face and first, connecting the first with the and adapted to extend integrally to and be' connected to the opposite face. 5. A composite tie for a mold comprising a wire loop adapted to be engaged with one wall of the mold, a link Within the mold space having a hole through whichthe wire is looped and a bolt adapted to engage the link removably and provided with means to engage the other mold wall.

6. A mold comprising walls and a composite tie therefor passing through the mold; one component of the tle being within the mold at a distance from the mold face; another engaging the first removably, adapted to rotate it, extending out through the mold Wall, and provided with means by which it may be rotated; and a third component engaged by the first, integrally separate thererom and rotatable thereby, connecting it with the other mold Wall and adapted, when rotated, to shorten the tie.

Signed by me at Boston, Mass., this third day of January, 1913.

JOSEPH F. ROSS.

Witnesses:

Evnnn'r'r E. KENT, JOSEPH T. BRENNAN. 

